INDIAN CONSTITUTION

Constitution of India is the supreme law of India. It was passed by the Constituent Assembly on 26 November 1949; it came into effect on 26 January 1950.  Since then India celebrates the adoption of the constitution on 26 January each year as Republic Day. It is the longest written constitution of any sovereign country in the world, till date, containing 444 articles in 22 parts, 12 schedules, 5 appendices and 94 amendments.

The preface of the India Constitution is commonly known as the Preamble. This stands out declaring the Union of India to be a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic, assuring its citizens of justice, equality, and liberty and, to promote among them all, fraternity.

Although the Constitution is federal in nature but in case of emergencies it takes unitary structure. Parts are the individual chapters in the Constitution, focused in single broad field of laws. Schedules are lists in the Constitution that categorizes and tabulates bureaucratic activity and policy. The constitution provides for distribution of powers between the Union and the States. The President of India is elected by the Parliament and State Legislative Assemblies. The Judiciary of India is free of control from either the executive or the Parliament. Constitutional remedy against any action of the government is available in a High Court or the Supreme Court.

Courtesy: Google